First: what your licence allows
Many countries limit new riders by engine power. In the EU, for example, the A1 category covers bikes up to 125 cc and 11 kW, and A2 covers bikes up to 35 kW; the full A licence comes later. In other countries the rules are different. Before you fall for a model, check with your local licensing authority what your licence allows, and check the power listed in the bike’s registration documents.
Weight and seat height
- Sit on the bike: can you get both feet, or at least the balls of your feet, on the ground?
- Try to move it with the engine off and lift it off the side stand. A bike that is too heavy is scary in car parks and slow turns.
- A light, nimble bike is more forgiving of beginner mistakes.
What kind of riding
- City and commuting: a scooter or a light naked bike with low fuel consumption.
- Touring and open roads: a comfortable riding position, wind protection and room for luggage.
- Dirt roads: a light dual-sport with long-travel suspension and suitable tyres.
A powerful sport bike is a hard choice for a first bike: a demanding riding position, a sharp throttle response and expensive insurance.
New or used
A used bike costs less, and the first drop hurts less. When you look at a used bike:
- Ask for a complete service history and compare the mileage with the records.
- Look for signs of a crash: bent levers, scratches on the sides, replaced mirrors or indicators.
- Check the chain, tyres, brakes and leaks with the T-CLOCS checklist.
- If possible, have a mechanic you trust inspect it before you buy.
The budget does not end with the bike
Plan ahead for protective gear (a certified helmet, jacket, gloves, trousers and boots), insurance, the first service and registration. Good gear matters as much as the bike itself.
This guide is general. Licensing rules differ by country and change over time, so check what your licence category allows with the official licensing authority where you live.